https://www.gideononline.com/blogs/understanding-the-basic-reproduction-number-r0-the-key-to-tracking-disease-spread
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The basic reproduction number (R0) is a mathematical term that describes how contagious an infectious disease is.
It is the average number of new infections caused by one infectious person in a completely susceptible population. A completely
susceptible population is a hypothetical scenario where everyone could get infected, and no preventive measures are in place.
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