https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/09/science/platypus-genome-echidna.amp.html
Posts Tagged ‘pseudogenes’
Platypus genome
May 5, 2021pseudogenes/odorant receptors
December 17, 2020Sequence Variants in TAAR5 & Other Loci Affect Human Odor Perception & Naming https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(20)31343-9 A variant in TAAR5 affects the perception of fish odor. Interesting to consider in relation to pseudogenization of the olfactory receptors
While about half of human odorant receptors are thought to be pseudogenes with loss-of-function, the Decode Genetics folks show that some sequence variants in odorant receptor genes are not
loss-of-function.
Prehistoric proteins: Raising the dead
June 15, 2018QT:{{”
“The oestrogen receptor achieves this by binding substances that contain a chemical structure called an aromatized A ring. Because oestrogens are the only steroid hormones to have such a ring, that criterion was enough to ensure that the receptor bound only oestrogens for many millions of years. Until, that is, the chemical industry started pumping out hundreds of substances containing such aromatized rings, which the oestrogen receptor unwittingly bound. “The endocrine disrupters are taking advantage, unfortunately, of the promiscuity that is the result of the evolutionary history of receptors,” Thornton says.”
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Prehistoric proteins: Raising the dead
http://www.nature.com/news/prehistoric-proteins-raising-the-dead-1.10261
Papers for Journal Club
June 7, 2018Alternative evolutionary histories in the sequence space of an ancient protein https://www.Nature.com/articles/nature23902 Great viz of different potential but not necessarily realized evolutionary trajectories. Quite relevant for molecular #evolution & #pseudogenes
pseudogenes that might have saved us !
March 20, 2017#Pseudogenes that might have saved us!
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/06/120604155554.htm?fb_ref=.T829TjfxGmI.like&fb_source=home_oneline Interesting link to infectious disease for pseudo-siglecs 13 & 17
QT:{{”
“”In a small, restricted population, a single mutation can have a big effect, a rare allele can get to high frequency,” said senior author Ajit Varki, MD, professor of medicine and cellular and molecular medicine and co-director of the Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny at UC San Diego. “We’ve found two genes that are non-functional in humans, but not in related primates, which could have been targets for bacterial pathogens particularly lethal to newborns and infants. Killing the very young can have a major impact upon reproductive fitness. Species survival can then depend upon either resisting the pathogen or on eliminating the target proteins it uses to gain the upper hand.”
In this case, Varki, who is also director of the UC San Diego Glycobiology Research and Training Center, and colleagues in the United States, Japan and Italy, propose that the latter occurred. Specifically, they point to inactivation of two sialic acid-recognized signaling receptors (siglecs) that modulate immune responses and are part of a larger family of genes believed to have been very active in human evolution.
Working with Victor Nizet, MD, professor of pediatrics and pharmacy, Varki’s group had previously shown that some pathogens can exploit siglecs to alter the host immune responses in favor of the microbe. In the latest study, the scientists found that the gene for Siglec-13 was no longer part of the modern human genome, though it remains intact and functional in chimpanzees, our closest evolutionary cousins. The other siglec gene — for Siglec-17 — was still expressed in humans, but it had been slightly tweaked to make a short, inactive protein of no use to invasive pathogens.”
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TP53 copy number expansion is associated with the evolution of increased body size and an enhanced DNA damage response in elephants | eLife
March 4, 2017TP53 copy number expansion is associated w…enhanced DNA damage response in elephants https://elifesciences.org/content/5/e11994 18 p53 retro- & pseudo- genes
Integrative analyses reveal a long noncoding RNA-mediated sponge regulatory network in prostate cancer : Nature Communications : Nature Publishing Group
July 2, 2016lncRNA-mediated sponge regulatory network in prostate cancer http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2016/160315/ncomms10982/full/ncomms10982.html Few explicitly noted #pseudogenes besides PTENP1
BMC Genomics | Full text | Pseudogenes transcribed in breast invasive carcinoma show subtype-specific expression and ceRNA potential
July 31, 2015[440 @GencodeGenes] #Pseudogenes transcribed in breast…carcinoma show subtype-specific expression & ceRNA potential http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/16/113
Comparative genomics reveals insights into avian genome evolution and adaptation
May 16, 2015Comparative #genomics reveals insights into avian…#evolution http://www.sciencemag.org/content/346/6215/1311 Less repeats & dups in birds; woodpecker, an exception
Science 12 December 2014:
Vol. 346 no. 6215 pp. 1311-1320
DOI: 10.1126/science.1251385
Comparative genomics reveals insights into avian genome evolution and adaptation
Guojie Zhang1,2,*,†,
Cai Li1,3,*,
….
Avian Genome Consortium§,
Erich D. Jarvis20,†,
M. Thomas P. Gilbert3,56,†,
Jun Wang1,55,57,58,59,†
Mammalian Y chromosomes retain widely expressed dosage-sensitive regulators : Nature : Nature Publishing Group
February 21, 2015Mammalian Y chromosomes retain widely expressed dosage-sensitive regulators http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v508/n7497/full/nature13206.html Reconstructed #evolution across 8 species
Daniel W. Bellott,
Jennifer F. Hughes,
…
Richard A. Gibbs,
Richard K. Wilson
& David C. Page
Nature 508, 494–499 (24 April 2014) doi:10.1038/nature13206
linkstream2 microblog 