https://www.houseofmarbles.us/product/large-solar-system-marble-80mm-80mm-ginormous/
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Large Solar System Marble 80mm – House of Marbles US
August 31, 2024How to easily satisfy your salt cravings without damaging your health | New Scientist
August 31, 2024How to easily satisfy your salt cravings without damaging your health
Could potassium fortification be the answer we’re looking for when it comes to battling our unhealthy addiction to salt?
By Graham Lawton
5 June 2024
A 160 Gbp fork fern genome shatters size record for eukaryotes: iScience
August 31, 2024https://www.cell.com/iscience/fulltext/S2589-0042(24)01111-8
https://www.cell.com/iscience/fulltext/S2589-0042(24)01111-8
Roger Fisher’s Brilliant Solution | Laura Grace Weldon
August 31, 2024QT:{{”
Then he took on the utter idiocy of nuclear weapons. Writing March’s 1981 issue of The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists (the entire article is a worthy read) Fisher pointed out that there are no military solutions to the world’s largest problems. “The only means we have available,” Fisher wrote, “is to try to change someone’s mind.” Like any good negotiator, he explains why negotiation must include each side’s interests with full participation in joint
problem-solving. And, further, to understand and to care about one another as the only way to lasting peace. His essay includes specific recommendations but my favorite and the most controversial is the following.
There is a person who is required to accompany the president with an attaché case containing the codes needed to authorize firing nuclear weapons. Fisher imagines this person as a young man, perhaps a naval officer named George, who is around the president every day. That person-to-person familiarity is the heart of Fisher’s nuclear deterrence. Because in his proposal, the nuclear codes are not in the case. Here’s how Fisher explains it.
My suggestion was quite simple: Put that needed code number in a little capsule, and then implant that capsule right next to the heart of a volunteer. The volunteer would carry with him a big, heavy butcher knife as he accompanied the President. If ever the President wanted to fire nuclear weapons, the only way he could do so would be for him first, with his own hands, to kill one human being. The President says, ‘George, I’m sorry but tens of millions must die.’ He has to look at someone and realize what death is — what an innocent death is. Blood on the White House carpet. It’s reality brought home.
When I suggested this to friends in the Pentagon they said, “My God, that’s terrible. Having to kill someone would distort the President’s judgment. He might never push the button.”
“}}
New Covid Vaccines: What to Know about Efficacy, Access and Cost – The New York Times
August 31, 2024Kp.2 in fall
New Covid Vaccines: What to Know about Efficacy, Access and Cost – The New York Times
https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/22/well/covid-vaccines-boosters.html
True nature of consciousness: Solving the biggest mystery of your mind | New Scientist
August 31, 2024A Unification of Mediator, Confounder, and Collider Effects – PMC
August 31, 2024https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8967310/
MacKinnon, D. P., & Lamp, S. J. (2021). A unification of mediator, confounder, and collider effects. Prevention Science, 22(8), 1185–1193. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-021-01268-xMacKinnon, D. P., & Lamp, S. J. (2021). A unification of mediator, confounder, and collider effects. Prevention Science, 22(8), 1185–1193.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-021-01268-x
QT:{{”
Third-variable effects are not distinguishable solely by statistical methods. Each third-variable effect can be fit to the same data, and if the relations between the variables are substantial, there will be evidence for each effect. In this sense, the confounder, mediator, and collider models are equivalent, providing an equal representation of the information contained in the data for three variables (Stelzl, 1986). Although mediation, confounding, and collision may equally explain the statistical associations among three variables, they describe different causal relations among those variables. Like much recent research on causal analysis, this paper highlights the centrality of the causal model underlying a research study and the important distinction between the causal model and the statistical model. The appropriate causal model is determined by prior empirical research and theory. The statistical analysis provides estimates for the proposed causal model.
“}}
A Unification of Mediator, Confounder, and Collider Effects – PMC
August 31, 2024https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8967310/
MacKinnon, D. P., & Lamp, S. J. (2021). A unification of mediator, confounder, and collider effects. Prevention Science, 22(8), 1185–1193. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-021-01268-xMacKinnon, D. P., & Lamp, S. J. (2021). A unification of mediator, confounder, and collider effects. Prevention Science, 22(8), 1185–1193.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-021-01268-x
QT:{{”
Third-variable effects are not distinguishable solely by statistical methods. Each third-variable effect can be fit to the same data, and if the relations between the variables are substantial, there will be evidence for each effect. In this sense, the confounder, mediator, and collider models are equivalent, providing an equal representation of the information contained in the data for three variables (Stelzl, 1986). Although mediation, confounding, and collision may equally explain the statistical associations among three variables, they describe different causal relations among those variables. Like much recent research on causal analysis, this paper highlights the centrality of the causal model underlying a research study and the important distinction between the causal model and the statistical model. The appropriate causal model is determined by prior empirical research and theory. The statistical analysis provides estimates for the proposed causal model.
“}}
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