Posts Tagged ‘pod57’

The Dizzying Journey to a New Cancer Arsenal

December 15, 2013

QT:{{”
So this is a therapy that goes by a somewhat unwieldy name of CAR T cell therapy….
So it’s sort of combining a few different types of
therapy; it’s the gene therapy, although the genetic modifications happen outside of the
person’s body, that’s one piece. It’s what’s called an immunotherapy, which means it’s
trying to kind of harness the immune system to fight cancer. And it’s also highly
personalized because every patient’s therapy is their own; you can’t just create T cells
and give them to everybody, it’s sort of a unique batch for each patient. “}}

Dizzying Journey to a New #Cancer Arsenal: CAR Tcell therapy combines gene therapy, immunotherapy & personalization into an effective treatment for ~$50K
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/340/6140/1514.summary

How Long Can the U.S. Stay on Top?

December 15, 2013

How Long Can the US Stay on Top? Universities are increasingly tied to #philanthropy vs federal & state #funding
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/340/6139/1394.summary

Robber Baron University: Stanford, JHU, Rockefeller, CMU, Vanderbilt, Rice, Drexel

http://www.sciencemag.org/content/340/6139/1394.summary

Genome-Wide Comparison of Medieval and Modern Mycobacterium leprae

December 9, 2013

Genome-Wide Comparison of Medieval & Modern M. #leprae, reveals ~1600 #pseudogenes, w/ slightly more in modern strain
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/341/6142/179.abstract

QT:{{”
Most bacteria will have some pseudogenes in their genome, maybe, you know, in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, for instance a close relative, there are 4,000 genes
present and perhaps 20 pseudogenes. In Mycobacterium leprae, there are 1,600 real
genes and as many pseudogenes. For me, this has always been puzzling, because bacteria
generally tend to, once a function has been lost, the corresponding genes are usually
eliminated and we see the genome shrinking. This hasn’t happened in Mycobacterium
leprae, because there’s still such a huge number of pseudogenes present. And that makes
me think that maybe Mycobacterium leprae emerged in this form only very recently and
that there hasn’t therefore been sufficient time for these pseudogenes to be lost.
However, this is clearly speculation, and it needs to be tested by further experiment. For
instance, looking at older samples might be helpful because the analysis described in the
recent Science paper shows that there are more, a few more pseudogenes present in
modern strains of Mycobacterium leprae than there were in medieval European strains.
So if we could go back a few thousand years more, we might find that actually there were
a couple more functional genes at that particular point.
….
Now is there any evidence that the successive number of pseudogenes contributes to
either its slow growth or its resistance to growing in the lab or its just kind of long
standing plague on humanity?
….
Yes, I think while there’s no experimental evidence to prove that the pseudogenes are
responsible for the slow growth, I think it’s highly likely that they do contribute because
lots of very essential functions have been lost, and this means that M. leprae, for instance,
has difficulty in acquiring iron because it’s lost the genes required for iron uptake.
“}}

High-Strength Chemical-Vapor–Deposited Graphene and Grain Boundaries

December 8, 2013

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphene

High-Strength Chemical-Vapor–Deposited #Graphene and Grain Boundaries. Sheets of this are the strongest material yet!
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/340/6136/1073.abstract

Science for All

December 8, 2013

Science for All. Interesting factoids on #India: more cellphones than toilets & plans for national #biometric numbers
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/340/6136/1032.abs

QT:{{”
Nationwide connectivity is transforming India in other ways as well. Today, the country has 900 million cell phones. “Only about 35% of Indian homes have toilets. About 60% have mobile phones,” says Jairam Ramesh, who as India’s minister for rural development is searching for innovative solutions for poverty alleviation (see p.1034).

Prime Minister Singh threw his weight behind the venture, and in July 2009 the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) was formed. Its ambitions have since grown: UIDAI is now striving to assign a random 12-digit “Aadhaar” ID number to every resident of India, based on photos, iris scans, and a full set of 10 fingerprints. Some critics blast the program as far too ambitious to succeed. Others say it feels like Big Brother; they point out that security agents will have access to the database. Nevertheless, 300 million people have received Aadhaar numbers since the authority’s enrollment centers, scattered across the country, opened in September 2010.
“}}

Are Isle Royale’s Wolves Chasing Extinction?

December 6, 2013

Are Isle Royale’s Wolves Chasing Extinction? Maybe from
#globalwarming; now population of ~10 wolves & ~1000 moose
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/340/6135/919.summary

Following the Flavor

December 6, 2013

Great tidbits on how olives & wine seem less sour together than individually

Following the Flavor. Great tidbits on retronasal olfaction & how combos #taste different together than individually
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/340/6134/808.summary

Impact of Shale Gas Development on Regional Water Quality

December 6, 2013

http://www.sciencemag.org/content/340/6134/1235009.abstract

Impact of Shale #Gas Development on Regional Water Quality: Disposal of #fracking wastewater will be a future issue
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/340/6134/1235009.abstract

Cell – Trnp1 Regulates Expansion and Folding of the Mammalian Cerebral Cortex by Control of Radial Glial Fate

November 30, 2013

Trnp1 Regulates Expansion and Folding of the Mammalian Cerebral #Cortex: less in mice gives more human-like folds
http://www.cell.com/retrieve/pii/S0092867413003498

And a Glossary of Their Quarry

November 29, 2013

Glossary of Their Quarry. #exoplanet types: circumbinary, pulsar, core & rogue. Hot Jupiters, waterworlds, #exomoons
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/340/6132/570.summary

And a Glossary of Their Quarry.

Quoting from the podcast summary…

QT:{{”

So far, scientists have uncovered over 800 exoplanets roaming the cosmos—but as Sara Seager said earlier, we’re still searching for that Earth-like, Goldilocks planet.

Most of the planets we’ve discovered up until this point are what’s called Hot

Jupiters, which are gas giants about the size of Jupiter in our solar system with a pretty

big range on either side, so the smallest Hot Jupiters would be about 50 Earth masses.

The nastiest place to live would probably be pulsar planets.

And I

think another really unpleasant place to be would be a core planet. So core planets, they

sort of resemble something like Mercury, the size of Mercury, maybe even smaller.

I think just like in the solar system, actually, some of the best places for potentially

finding life outside of our solar system might be moons. So we call them exomoons or

moons orbiting exoplanets.

But we have seen and are seeing more and more of are theses
circumbinary planets,

which means a planet with two suns. So, Tatooine is sort of the iconic example.

Yes, waterworlds. So those are pretty diverse, and they are usually super-Earth-size so

they’ll be like 10 times the mass of Earth.

And then there are some planets that just go rogue.

“}}