Posts Tagged ‘quote’

Hospital and Drugmaker Move to Build Vast Database of New Yorkers’ DNA – The New York Times

August 13, 2022

QT:{{”
Mark Gerstein, a professor of Biomedical Informatics at Yale University, said there was no question that genomic datasets were driving great medical discoveries. But he said he still would not participate in one himself, and he urged people to consider whether adding their DNA to a database might someday affect their
grandchildren.

“I tend to be a worrier,” he said.

Our collective knowledge of mutations and what illnesses they are associated with — whether Alzheimer’s or schizophrenia — would only increase in the years ahead, he said. “If the datasets leaked some day, the information might be used to discriminate against the children or grandchildren of current participants,” Dr. Gerstein said. They might be teased or denied insurance, he added.

He noted that even if the data was anonymous and secure today, that could change. “Securing the information over long periods of time gets much harder,” he said, noting that Regeneron might not even exist in 50 years. “The risk of the data being hacked over such a long period of time becomes magnified,” he said.
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iPad Notebook export for Never Enough: The Neuroscience and Experience of Addiction

August 5, 2022

https://www.goodreads.com/notes/40556937-never-enough/114528832-mark-gerstein?ref=h_cr

SLC6A4 Gene – GeneCards | SC6A4 Protein | SC6A4 Antibody

August 1, 2022

https://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=SLC6A4

QT:{{”
This gene encodes an integral membrane protein that transports the neurotransmitter serotonin from synaptic spaces into presynaptic neurons. The encoded protein terminates the action of serotonin and recycles it in a sodium-dependent manner. This protein is a target of psychomotor stimulants, such as amphetamines and cocaine, and is a member of the sodium:neurotransmitter symporter family. A repeat length polymorphism in the promoter of this gene has been shown to affect the rate of serotonin uptake. There have been conflicting results in the literature about the possible effect, if any, that this polymorphism may play in behavior and depression. [provided by RefSeq, May 2019]
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famous serotonin re-update transporter

Opinion | Endemic Covid-19 Looks Pretty Brutal – The New York Times

July 31, 2022

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If Bedford is correct — and that steady state means 100,000 annual Covid deaths going forward, for at least the next several years — the two facts may be a bit hard to square in your mind. (Especially if you remember both the initial state of emergency the pandemic called into being and the more recent hope that it could at some point “be over.”) A hundred thousand deaths is more than the annual toll of any other infectious disease and would make Covid-19 a top-10 cause of death in the country — a major and novel cause of widespread death clouding the American horizon with another dark layer of morbidity we had never known before. It’s a few multiples of a typical flu season and more than die each year from diabetes, pneumonia or kidney disease. …
Mina compares the building of immunity to the learning of a language. “It’s a fact of the biology of immunity that it’s really hard to build a brand-new memory and keep it if you’re old,” he says. “And so I do think that for quite a while our elderly population is going to keep having really big problems because they just can’t retain these new memories.” People exposed today, who will become 80 years old in 25 years or so, won’t have the same problem, Mina says, because they will have built their immune memory at a younger age.
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Really liked the comparison of building immunity to the learning of a language. In a sense, the immune system learns things like the brain.

https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/20/opinion/covid-19-deaths-vaccines-endemic.html

Why is the human brain so difficult to understand? We asked 4 neuroscientists.

July 31, 2022

https://alleninstitute.org/what-we-do/brain-science/news-press/articles/why-human-brain-so-difficult-understand-we-asked-4-neuroscientists

QT:{{”
Nearly 100 years ago, physicist Emerson Pugh famously said, “If the human brain were so simple that we could understand it, we would be so simple that we couldn’t.”
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Liked the quote: “If the human brain were so simple that we could understand it, we would be so simple that we couldn’t.”

A tale of two antiviral targets — and the COVID-19 drugs that bind them

July 30, 2022

Found it interesting that while Paxlovid has had greater success against #COVID19, Molnupiravir (& Remdesivir) might have more promise for future pandemics

QT:{{”
Not all RdRp inhibitors work the same way. In most cases, including with remdesivir, viruses incorporate the drug into the elongating RNA, and this brings the elongation process to a halt. Molnupiravir’s mechanism is different: elongation doesn’t stop when the enzyme incorporates the drug into viral RNA. Instead, the virus reuses molnupiravir-containing RNAs as template strands, and incorporates the wrong bases into new viral RNA when it re-encounters molnupiravir. Mutations accumulate over cycles, leading to ‘error catastrophe’ and viral death.
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https://www.nature.com/articles/d41573-021-00202-8

Body Composition: Health, Body Fat, and More

July 17, 2022

https://www.webmd.com/fitness-exercise/what-is-body-composition#:~:text=According%20to%20the%20American%20Journal,around%2011%25%20to%2021%25.

QT:{{”
Bioelectrical impedance. This analysis sends electrical currents through your body. It then measures the speed at which it travels. It’s the cheapest method of measuring your body fat, after skin calipers. However, the accuracy depends on a lot of factors. It’s best for monitoring changes in your body fat. ‌

According to the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, there are healthy body fat percentages based on your age. For people aged 20 to 39, women should aim for 21% to 32% of body fat. Men should have 8% to 19%. For people 40 to 59, women should fall between 23% to 33% and men should fall around 11% to 21%. If you’re aged 60 to 79, women should have 24% to 35% body fat and men should have 13% to 24%.
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…request | Mapping cis-regulatory elements in neurons

July 2, 2022

link to the article about cis-regulatory elements:
https://www.spectrumnews.org/news/toolbox/new-resource-maps-gene-expression-regulation-in-neuron-subtypes/

New resource maps gene expression, regulation in neuron subtypes BY CHLOE WILLIAMS / 1 JULY 2022

QT:{{”
“That’s interesting,” says Mark Gerstein, professor of biomedical informatics at Yale University, who was not involved in the research. The findings might imply that autism affects subtypes of neurons equally, but classifying excitatory and inhibitory neurons into even smaller groups could lead to different results, he says.
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How ‘Trustless’ Is Bitcoin, Really? – The New York Times

June 18, 2022

QT:{{”
Mark Gerstein, a professor of bioinformatics at Yale University, found in the research implications for data privacy. He recently stored a genome on a private blockchain, which allowed for a secure and tamperproof record. But he noted that in a public setting, as with Bitcoin’s blockchain, a data set’s size and subtle patterns made it susceptible to breaches, even as the data remained immutable. (Ms. Blackburn wasn’t tampering with the Bitcoin blockchain’s records.)

“That’s the amazing thing about big data,” Dr. Gerstein said. “If you have a big enough data set, it starts to leak information in unexpected ways.” Even more so when data from different sources are connected, he said: “When you combine one data set with another to make a bigger data set, nonobvious linkages can arise.”
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https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/06/science/bitcoin-nakamoto-blackburn-crypto.html

2022-06-08-09.34.24.NY-Times-story-on-bitcoin.x78qt.jpg
2022-06-08-09.36.23.NY-Times-story-on-bitcoin.x78qt.jpg

The brain-reading devices helping paralysed people to move, talk and touch

June 11, 2022

QT:{{”
Finally, there is widespread acknowledgement that ethical oversight must keep pace with this rapidly evolving technology. BCIs present multiple concerns, from privacy to personal autonomy. Ethicists stress that users must retain full control of the devices’ outputs. And although current technologies cannot decode people’s private thoughts, developers will have records of users’ every communication, and crucial data about their brain health. Moreover, BCIs present a new type of cybersecurity risk.
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Great article. Amazing technology. But I am worried about the long-term #privacy implications of real mind-reading devices.

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-01047-w